تعیین سرعت تبادلی جریان عمودی در سطح تماس بستر رودخانه زیارت و محیط متخلخل زیر آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 گروه مهندسی سازه‌های آبی، دانشکده آب و خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گلستان، ایران

چکیده

تخمین میزان دقیق تبادل آب­های سطحی و زیرسطحی در منطقه هایپریک که به عنوان محلی برای زندگی جانداران و میکروارگانیسم­‌ها محسوب می­‌شود، امری ضروری است. با توجه به اختلاف دما بین آب سطحی در رودخانه و آب زیرسطحی در محیط متخلخل واقع در منطقه هایپریک و تبادل آب بین دو محیط، می­‌توان از دما به‌عنوان ردیاب جهت تخمین این تبادلات استفاده کرد. در این تحقیق برای اولین بار در ایران دستگاهی طراحی و ساخته شد تا به واسطه آن امکان اندازه­‌گیری و ثبت دمای رسوبات در عمق منطقه هایپریک زیر بستر رودخانه ایجاد گردد. در همین راستا اندازه­‌گیری در رودخانه زیارت استان گلستان توسط دستگاه مذکور صورت پذیرفت و با استفاده از مدل مفهومی توسعه­‌یافته انتقال حرارت، میزان تبادل جریان آب سطحی و زیرسطحی محاسبه گردید. بدین منظور در یک بازه به‌طول 40 متر از رودخانه، تعداد 10 مقطع عرضی به فواصل 4 متر انتخاب و در هر مقطع دمای چهار عمق مختلف از بستر رودخانه (بلافاصله زیر بستر،0/25 متر، 0/5 متر، 0/75متر) و در ماه­‌های تیر و دی سال 1397، برداشت گردید. نتایج نشان داد که در کلیه فصول سال جریانی دائمی به واسطه اختلاف پتانسیل حرارتی بین جریان آب سطحی و زیر سطحی رودخانه وجود دارد که این امر موجود انتقال مواد مغذی به ریز ارگانیسم­‌ها و در پی آن خودپالایی دائمی رودخانه می­‌گردد. همچنین به‌طور متوسط میزان سرعت عمودی تبادلی در تیرماه و دی ماه به ترتیب برابر 59/3 میلی‌متر در روز و 284/3 میلی‌متر در روز به‌دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of vertical exchange velocity through the sediment-water interface (Case study: Ziarat River in Golestan province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jaefar Khandoozi 1
  • Amir Ahmad Dehghani 2
  • Mehdi Meftah 2
  • Abdolreza Zahiri 3
  • Khalil Ghorbani 1
1 Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2 Water Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
3 Associate professor in Water Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural, Golestan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Precise estimation of water exchange between surface and subsurface flow in the hyporheic zone which is the habitat of microorganisms, is vital. The temperature can be used as a tracer for the estimation of water exchange through sediment-water interphase. In this study, an instrument was designed and constructed to make the measurement and recording of sediment temperature in the depth of the hyporheic zone possible. In this regard, measurements were made in the Ziarat River of Golestan Province by the aforementioned instrument, and vertical exchange velocity through the sediment-water interface was calculated using an extended conceptual model of heat transfer. For this purpose, in a 40 m interval of the river, 10 cross-sections were selected at 4 m intervals, and at each cross-section, the temperature of four different depths of the riverbed (just below the bed, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 m) was recorded during July and December 2018. The results showed that in all seasons, there is a continuous vertical exchange through the sediment-water interface, which can be obtained from the difference of thermal potential between the surface and subsurface of the river flow. The average of vertical exchange velocity for July and December was 59.3 mm/day and 284.3 mm/day, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Groundwater
  • Surface flow
  • Water exchange
  • Temperature gradient
  • Hyporheic region
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