تعیین نسبت طیفی مؤلفه قائم و افقی زلزله‌های نزدیک گسل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

بر اساس بررسی‌ها صورت گرفته در چند دهه اخیر مشخص شده که خصوصیات زلزله‌های حوزه ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت از زلزله‌های حوزه دور از ﮔﺴﻞ است، ازجمله این تفاوت‌ها مؤلفه قائم زلزله است. عدم درنظر گرفتن ویژگی‌های زلزله‌های نزدیک گسل ممکن است خسارات و فجایع انسانی و زیست محیطی ناشی از وقوع این نوع از زلزله را چندین برابر کرده و آثار ناشی آن بر محیط و سازه‌های موجود تا مدت ها قابل جبران نباشد (بخش عمده این خرابی‌ها در فاصله کوتاه رومرکزی، به خصوص در اعضای قائم دهانه‌ بلند پل‌ها، سازه‌ها و ساختمان‌ها مربوط به مؤلفه قائم زلزله است). بر طبق مطالعات صورت گرفته در این حوزه مشخص شد که بررسی مؤلفه قائم و ارتباط آن با مؤلفه افقی زلزله‌های حوزه نزدیک گسل در ایران مورد غفلت واقع گشته و تاکنون در ایران در این زمینه اقدامی صورت نپذیرفته است، این درحالیست که مشخصاً در آیین نامه ها و  پژوهش‌های بین‌المللی این ضریب به‌صورت دقیق (نسبت V/H) تعیین‌شده است. بنا بر اهمیت بحث، به تعیین نسبت مؤلفه قائم بر مؤلفه افقی بر اساس داده‌های حوزه نزدیک گسل ایران پرداخته و با استفاده از تعداد 69 زلزله حوزه نزدیک گسل (نه صرفا دارای پالس) که در فاصله رومرکزی کمتر از 30 کیلومتر و با بزرگای گشتاوری حداقلی 5 و حداقل شتاب ماکزیمم 200 متر بر مجذور ثانیه که در داخل ایران روی‌داده، نسبت طیفی V/H تعیین‌شده است. در نهایت پیشنهاد شده است همچون سایر استانداردها، آئین‌نامه‌ها و پژوهش‌های صورت گرفته که با استفاده از فرضیات ساده‌ای نظیر مقدار دوسوم نسبت طیفی V/H تعیین‌شده است از مقدار 0/71 برای تبدیل طیف پاسخ شتاب مؤلفه افقی به طیف پاسخ مؤلفه قائم داده‌های حوزه نزدیک گسل ایران استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining the Spectral Ratio of the Vertical and Horizontal Components of Near-Field Earthquakes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Milad Mohammadian
  • Abbas Mahdavian
  • Nemat Hassani
Department of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Based on studies conducted in recent decades, it has been determined that the characteristics of earthquakes in the near-field zone are different from those of earthquakes far from faults[1], Among these differences, we can mention the effect of the vertical component of the earthquake. Earthquakes near faults have unique features that neglecting them can increase the damages and human and environmental disasters caused by these types of earthquakes, and their effects on the environment and existing structures can be several times greater. Most of these damages occur in the short distance from the epicenter, especially in the horizontal components of long-span bridges, structures, and buildings.The effects of the vertical component of the earthquake in the past were considered negligible, so in past researches and the old versions of some regulations, the effect of the vertical component of the earthquake was ignored or it was considered as a coefficient (two-thirds) of the horizontal component. Therefore, one of the simple methods to determine the design spectrum of the vertical earthquake component is to use empirical relationships such as the V/H spectral ratio (vertical to horizontal component).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Earthquake
  • Standard 2800
  • V/H ratio
  • vertical component
  • near-fault field
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