اثر خستگی بر روی نگرش ایمنی، تشخیص خطر و درک ریسک ایمنی در بین کارگران ساخت و ساز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران، گرایش مهندسی و مدیریت ساخت، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

2 عمران - دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

3 استادیار گروه مدیریت ساخت، کالج مهندسی و تکنولوژی، دانشگاه کارولینای غربی

چکیده

طبق آمار سازمان بین المللی کار سالانه 360 میلیون حادثه شغلی اتفاق می­افتد و حدود 2 میلیون و 300 هزار نفر بر اثر این حوادث جان خود را از دست می­دهند، و در حدود 50 درصد این حوادث مربوط به بخش ساختمان می­باشد که منجر به آسیب­های جسمی و روانی و یا خسارات مالی می­گردد و اثر نامطلوبی بر جامعه دارد. بنابراین، به منظور دست­یابی به عملکرد ایمنی بهتر، درک فاکتورهایی که بر روی نگرش ایمنی، تشخیص خطر و درک ریسک ایمنی اثرگذار است، ضروری به نظر می­رسد. یکی از این فاکتورها، خستگی است، که اثر منفی بر عملکرد ایمنی کارگران ساختمانی دارد. هدف از این مطالعه، ارزیابی اثر خستگی بر روی نگرش ایمنی، تشخیص خطر و درک ریسک ایمنی کارگران ساختمانی می­باشد. برای دست­یابی به هدف مورد مطالعه، عملکرد ایمنی 135 کارگر ساختمانی از 48 پروژه فعال عمرانی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. پس از جمع­آوری داده­های خستگی و نگرش ایمنی از کارگران مشارکت‌کننده، توانایی تشخیص خطر و درک ریسک ایمنی کارگران ساختمانی با استفاده از تصاویر ساختمانی گرفته شده از پروژه­های فعال در کشور ایران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که (1) در مقایسه با سطح خستگی بالا، سطح خستگی کم با عملکرد بهتر در نگرش ایمنی و تشخیص خطر مرتبط می­باشد و (2) خستگی بر روی درک ریسک ایمنی کارگران، به طور غیر مستقیم از طریق متغیرهای میانجی نگرش ایمنی و تشخیص خطر اثر می­گذارد. بنابراین، یافته­های این مطالعه به بهبود ایمنی در ساخت و ساز کمک می­کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Fatigue on Safety Attitude, Hazard Recognition and Safety Risk Perception among Construction Workers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farshid Taherpour 1
  • Ebrahim Ghiasvand 2
  • Mostafa Namian 3
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan
2 Civil - Buali-Sina University
3 Department of Construction Management, College of Engineering and Technology, East Carolina University
چکیده [English]

According to the National Job Institution, each year about 360 million job accidents happen all around the world which leads to the loss of lives of over two million people. About 50% of these accidents are related to the construction sector which causes physical, mental, and monetary damages. Therefore, to prevent and decrease incidents in construction environments, it is essential to explore the factors that influence safety attitude, hazard recognition performance, and safety risk perception of construction workers. One of these factors is fatigue, which has a negative effect on the safety performance of construction workers but has not been empirically investigated before. To study the impacts of fatigue on the safety performance of construction workers and achieve the research goals, 135 construction workers were recruited. After collecting fatigue data and safety attitudes of the participating workers, their hazard recognition and safety risk perception were evaluated using pre-evaluated case images all captured from real construction projects. The results of the study revealed that (1) in comparison with high fatigue levels, low fatigue levels are associated with a more positive safety attitude and higher hazard recognition, and (2) the effect of fatigue on safety risk perception was mediated by hazard recognition performance and safety attitude. The findings of this study help the construction industry to improve safety performance by mitigating the negative aspects of fatigue among workers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fatigue
  • Safety attitude
  • Hazard recognition
  • Safety risk perception
  • Construction workers

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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
دوره 53، شماره 8
آبان 1400
صفحه 3299-3316

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